Maslow Theory of Human Needs as a Borrowed Theories Guiding Nursing Practice
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Maslow Theory of Human Needs is one of the most influential theories that guides nursing practice. Developed by psychologist Abraham Maslow, it is a hierarchical model of five basic needs: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. According to Maslow’s theory, people strive to fulfill these needs in order from the bottom up. That is, starting with the most basic physiological needs such as hunger and thirst before moving on to safety needs like security and stability; then towards love and belonging—the need for human connection; then Esteem—the need for recognition and respect; until finally reaching Self-Actualization—the ability to reach one’s full potential.
This theory has been adapted by nurses as a guiding principle for their care practices because it allows them to better understand their patients’ needs in order to provide better individualized care. Nurses must be knowledgeable about the patient’s physical, psychological and social status in order to properly address their problems. They must also take into account any environmental factors or external influences that may affect the patient’s condition or behavior. This information can help nurses provide treatment plans that will focus on satisfying or improving all levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs rather than just addressing only one level at a time.
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Furthermore, this theory also helps frame discussions among healthcare workers regarding ways they could best serve their patients based on what they know about them. Through understanding these various layers of need, nurses can explore different approaches during interactions with their patients that will best resolve any issues they may have while also helping them satisfy each level of need along the way. This approach provides comprehensive care since it emphasizes understanding the person as a whole first before making decisions regarding how best to treat them medically or psychologically.
In conclusion, Maslow Theory of Human Needs provides nurses with an invaluable tool that can help them provide better quality care through informed decision-making based on understanding fundamental human needs. It encourages nurses to consider not only physical health but also other aspects such as emotional well-being and social relationships when formulating treatment plans for their patients in order to create holistic treatment that takes into account all levels of need within the individual patient context.
